This site uses cookies. The main problem with this theory is that there is no known historical document that identifies Smerdis with Artaxerxes. It is given in Ezra 4:7-24, to Smerdis the Magian, who usurped the throne after the death of Cambyses, B. C. 522, pretending to be Smerdis, the son of Cyrus, whom Cambyses had put to death.His usurped power was used, at the rebuilding of the temple. He was the sixth emperor of the Achaemenid dynasty. The three kings that followed Xerxes on the throne --Artaxerxes. The pivotal date of 465 BCE for the death of Xerxes has been accepted by historians for many years without notable controversy. Artaxerxes, nervious at the thought of rebellion, ordered the Jews to stop their rebuilding operations until he should make a … Greek authors (first Plutarch, Artoxerxes 1.1) give him the surname “Longhanded, Long-armed” (Makrocheir, Latin Macrochir, Longimanus, New Persian Ardašīr-e derāzdast).They explain the term symbolically (cf. He was surnamed in Greek Macrocheir (“Longhand”) and in Latin Longimanus. However, according to Thucydides, a historian renowned for his high chronological accuracy, Themistocles met Artaxerxes, A younger son of Xerxes I and Amestris, he was raised to the throne by the commander of the guard, Artabanus, who had murdered Xerxes.A few months later, Artaxerxes slew Artabanus in a hand-to-hand fight. According to this theory, the first Artaxerxes was a usurper to the Persian throne and identified in other historical records as Smerdis, who only ruled for eight months. 1. Artaxerxes. History of Iran: Artaxerxes (Artâkhshatra) Ardashir-e Derâz-Dast By: Plutarch (died 359 BCE) Translated by: John Dryden The first Artaxerxes (465 - 425 BCE), among all the kings of Persia (Achaemanian Empire) the most remarkable for a gentle and noble spirit, was surnamed the Long-handed, his right hand being longer than his left, and was the son of Xerxes. Both Xerxes and Artaxerxes are Greek transliterations of Persian words, and also very common names in the Achaemenid dynasty. Artaxerxes I was a Persian “King of Kings” who reigned from 465 BC to 424 BC. Artaxerxes I, (died 425 bc, Susa, Elam [now in Iran]), Achaemenid king of Persia (reigned 465–425 bc).. The Old Testament book of Nehemiah takes place during a time of exile and captivity for the Jewish people. Great king, the name or title of several kings of Persia. The Greek chronologists, evidently through a misunderstanding, make of Artaban a Persian king and state that he reigned seven months. Contrary to older commentators’ frequent citation of the “well-known fact” that Persian kings had multiple names, no extant archeological or inscriptional evidence equates Cambyses with Ahasuerus or Artaxerxes with Pseudo-Smerdis, or uses Artaxerxes as a general title for Persian monarchs. In the days of Artaxerxes a letter of accusation was addressed to the Persian king in which the Jews were accused of plotting rebellion against the crown. Pollux, … gives as Cyrus, Persian king 465-64 to 424-23 B.C. Some of these cookies are essential to the operation of the site, while others help to improve your experience by providing insights into how the site is being used. These facts, coupled with the additional issues of unspecified chronology for the book of Esther et al., are behind most of the difficulties in attempting to match up the secular historical record with the Bible. The third male child of his father, Xerxes I or Xerxes the Great, his birth likely happened during the reign of his grandfather, Darius I or Darius the Great. ARTAXERXES I, a son of Xerxes I and Amestris, whose name Flavius Josephus (Jewish Antiquities 11.6.1.) The Greeks gave Artaxerxes the surname Μακρόχειρ (Longimanus, Long-Hand), asserting, probably correctly, that his right hand was longer than his left. In this fascinating account, Nehemiah, the Jewish cupbearer to the Persian King Artaxerxes [1], successfully petitions to take a group back to Jerusalem to rebuild the …
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