Master specification systems are available from multiple vendors such as Arcom, Visispec, BSD, and Spectext. Such errors may also be avoided with algorithms normalizing both strings before any binary comparison. The people who use the item (engineers, trade unions, etc.) A specification is often a type of technical standard.. It can be informal, in which case it can be considered as a user manual from a developer point of view, or formal, in which case it has a definite meaning defined in mathematical or programmatic terms. In areas where pitting corrosion of copper cylinders occurs, it may be necessary to fit aluminium protector rods. Prescriptive specifications define the requirements using generic or proprietary descriptions of what is required, whereas performance specifications focus on the outcomes rather than the characteristics of the components. 307 Pages. A formal specification is a mathematical description of software or hardware that may be used to develop an implementation. Although specifications are usually issued by the architect's office, specification writing itself is undertaken by the architect and the various engineers or by specialist specification writers. Become VIP Member, Do you need to remove the ads? Shutters of doors and windows (thickness specified), 3. This is a consensus document that is jointly sponsored by two professional organizations: Construction Specifications Canada and Construction Specifications Institute based in the United States and updated every two years. What is the Minimum Curing Period for Concrete? UNK the , . Distempering (number of coats specified), 5. (50 points)The textarea shown to the left is named ta in a form named f1.It contains the top 10,000 passwords in order of frequency of use -- each followed by a comma (except the last one). Earthwork in filling in foundation trenches, 4. Same type of work under different conditions and nature shall be measured separately under separate items. 30 Full PDFs related to this paper. For example, Mac OS X has many components that prefer or require only decomposed characters (thus decomposed-only Unicode encoded with UTF-8 is also known as "UTF8-MAC"). Shorter form specifications documents suitable for residential use are also available through Arcom, and follow the 50 division format, which was adopted in both the United States and Canada starting in 2004. Standard Specification For Road Works STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR ROAD WORKS. The Housing and Building National Research Center (HBRC) is responsible for developing construction specifications and codes. Doors and windows fittings (like hinges, tower bolts, sliding bolts, handles), 1. A short summary of this paper. Person, office, or agency responsible for enforcement of the specification. Lean concrete roof over and inclusive of tiles or brick or stone slab etc. Doors and window sills (CC or cement mortar plain). How to Design Continuous Beam and One-way Slab using ACI Approximate Analysis Method? For other uses, see, Construction specifications in North America, United States Food and Drug Administration, Manufacturing test requirement design specification, "Defense and Program-Unique Specifications Format and Content", International Organization for Standardization, "01.080.01: Graphical symbols in general", "ISO 832:1994 Information and documentation – Bibliographic description and references – Rules for the abbreviation of bibliographic terms", "ISO 12615:2004 Bibliographic references and source identifiers for terminology work", 52.236-21 Specifications and Drawings for Construction, "Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code", Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points, "ISO 14134:2006 Optics and optical instruments – Specifications for astronomical telescopes", "ISO 15609:2004 Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials -- Welding procedure specification", "ISO/DIS 11238 – Health Informatics – Identification of medicinal products – Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of regulated information on substances", "TDWG Standards Documentation Specification", International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, "ICH M2 EWG - Electronic Common Technical Document Specification", "Document Templates for Student Projects in Software Engineering", "Laser Safety Standard Operating Procedure", "Sample Standard Operating Procedure Requirements for BSL2 Containment", Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specification_(technical_standard)&oldid=1009823287, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, BS 7373-1:2001 Guide to the preparation of specifications, BS 7373-2:2001 Product specifications. In February 2015, ArCHspec went live, from ArCH (Architects Creating Homes), a nationwide American professional society of Architects whose purpose is to improve residential architecture. Specifications are an integral part of Building Information Modeling and cover the non-geometric requirements. The National Building Specification is owned by the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) through their commercial group RIBA Enterprises (RIBAe). For instance, when two applications share Unicode data, but use different normal forms or use them incorrectly, in an incompatible way or without sharing a minimum set of interoperability specification, errors and data loss can result. This method statement for in-situ concrete & general concrete work describes the process to be implemented during the entire activity for such as in-situ concrete, concrete foundations, slab on grade, blindings, columns, beams, retaining walls, slabs, raft concrete, precast concrete, self-consolidating concrete, … The following British standards apply to specifications: A design/product specification does not necessarily prove a product to be correct or useful in every context. [30][31] Very often, this kind of specifications is complemented by a designated template. The significance, scope or importance of the specification and its intended use. Browse our listings to find jobs in Germany for expats, including jobs for English speakers or those in your native language. In many countries on the European continent, content that might be described as "specifications" in the United States are covered under the building code or municipal code. Bending, binding of steel reinforcement, 3. This has the advantage that incorrect candidate system designs can be revised before a major investment has been made in actually implementing the design. Pyzdek, T, "Quality Engineering Handbook", 2003. The bill of quantities shall fully describe the materials, proportions, workmanships and accurately represent the work to be executed. [25] Recently, the ISO has made some progress in the area of food and drug standards and formal specifications for data about regulated substances through the publication of ISO 11238.[26]. Most construction specifications are a combination of performance-based and proprietrary types, naming acceptable manufacturers and products while also specifying certain standards and design criteria that must be met. Table below shows units of measurement of various items of civil engineering works based on IS 1200. Godfrey, A. Sorry, you do not have permission to ask a question, You must login to ask question. Download PDF. In addition, specifications can be "closed" with a specific list of products, or "open" allowing for substitutions made by the Contractor. The nature and standard of questions in the General Studies papers (Paper II to Paper V) will be such that a well-educated person will be able to answer them without any specialized study. Voluntary standards may become mandatory if adopted by a government or business contract. Podcast: Behavioral Attributes of an Effective Construction Manager, Chenani-Nashri Tunnel: India's Longest Bi-directional Road Tunnel. Download PDF. The standard AIA (American Institute of Architects) and EJCDC (Engineering Joint Contract Documents Committee) states that the drawings and specifications are complementary, together providing the information required for a complete facility. Civil and infrastructure work in the United States often includes a quantity breakdown of the work to be performed as well. Where a difference exists in how to interpret the Technical Requirements, performance standards and guidance, this would generally be resolved by further consultation, failing which, NHBC will exercise its right to decide in accordance with the NHBC … The United States Food and Drug Administration has published a non-binding recommendation that addresses just this point.[24]. The account you are about to create is free of charge and will give you access to numerous features of the European Job Days platform. Standards for specifications may be provided by government agencies, standards organizations (SAE, AWS, NIST, ASTM, ISO, CEN, DoD, etc. Each section is subdivided into three distinct parts: "general", "products" and "execution". of and in " a to was is ) ( for as on by he with 's that at from his it an were are which this also be has or : had first one their its new after but who not they have – ; her she ' two been other when there all % during into school time may years more most only over city some world would where later up such used many can state … [32][33][34], "Specification" redirects here. In engineering, manufacturing, and business, it is vital for suppliers, purchasers, and users of materials, products, or services to understand and agree upon all requirements.[2]. These should be fitted during manufacture in accordance with the relevant British Standard. Plastering – cement or lime mortar (thickness and proportion specified), 3. Standard Name. Specifications are a type of technical standard that may be developed by any of various kinds of organizations, in both the public and private sectors. When the "Execute p1" button is clicked the javascript function p1 is executed. Linear measurement shall be measured to the nearest 0.01m. [20][21], Specifications and other standards can be externally imposed as discussed above, but also internal manufacturing and quality specifications. Specifications are most important for external interfaces that must remain stable. [29], These types of documents define how a specific document should be written, which may include, but is not limited to, the systems of a document naming, version, layout, referencing, structuring, appearance, language, copyright, hierarchy or format, etc. In practice, many successful specifications are written to understand and fine-tune applications that were already well-developed, although safety-critical software systems are often carefully specified prior to application development. The methods and units of measurements for civil construction works are mainly categorised for their nature, shape and size and for making payments to the contractor. What are the purposes for building dams in semi-arid regions? Many architects, up to this point, did not provide specifications for residential designs, which is one of the reasons ArCHspec was created: to fill a void in the industry with more compact specifications for residential use. [citation needed]. An item might be verified to comply with a specification or stamped with a specification number: this does not, by itself, indicate that the item is fit for other, non-validated uses. The MasterFormat and section format[16] system can be successfully applied to residential, commercial, civil, and industrial construction. [22][23], The converse of explicit statement of specifications is a process for dealing with observations that are out-of-specification. There are different types of technical or engineering specifications (specs), and the term is used differently in different technical contexts. The original listing of specification divisions was based on the time sequence of construction, working from exterior to interior, and this logic is still somewhat followed as new materials and systems make their way into the construction process. The rules for measurement of each item are invariably described in IS – 1200. RCC and RB slab roof (excluding steel), 2. Become VIP Member. Sign Up to The Constructor to ask questions, answer questions, write articles, and connect with other people. All Rights Reserved. Data systems that can process, store and transfer information about food and food products need formal specifications for the representations of data about food and food products in order to operate effectively and efficiently. Development of formal specifications for food and drug data with the necessary and sufficient clarity and precision for use specifically by digital computing systems have begun to emerge from some government agencies and standards organizations: the United States Food and Drug Administration has published specifications for a "Structured Product Label" which drug manufacturers must by mandate use to submit electronically the information on a drug label. ArCHspec was created specifically for use by Licensed Architects while designing SFR (Single Family Residential) architectural projects. Given such a specification, it is possible to use formal verification techniques to demonstrate that a candidate system design is correct with respect to that specification. This approach is unusual in North America, where each bidder performs a quantity survey on the basis of both drawings and specifications. have the responsibility to consider the choice of available specifications, specify the correct one, enforce compliance, and use the item correctly. Current existing pharmaceutical standards include: If any pharmaceutical product is not covered by the above standards, it can be evaluated by the additional source of Pharmacopoeia from other nations, from industrial specifications, or from a standardized formulary such as, A similar approach is adopted by the food manufacturing, of which Codex Alimentarius ranks the highest standards, followed by regional and national standards. Areas shall be measured to the nearest 0.01 SQM. Steel reinforcement bars etc. Ammar Zuhair Ismail. Sacrificial anodes should be installed where required by the water supplier. Which type of reinforcement are used in pre-stressing? Types of Foundation for Buildings and their Uses [PDF], Methods of Rainwater Harvesting [PDF]: Components, Transport, and Storage, Compressive Strength of Concrete -Cube Test [PDF], Procedure, Results, 16 Types of Heavy Equipment Used in Construction, Standard Size of Rooms in Residential Building and their Locations, Voyager Station: Design Features of the World's First Space Hotel. Specifications in Egypt form part of contract documents. If you know the name of the training standard for a course, you can select it from the drop-down menu below. An alternative approach is to use provably correct refinement steps to transform a specification into a design, and ultimately into an actual implementation, that is correct by construction. A must-read for English-speaking expatriates and internationals across Europe, Expatica provides a tailored local news service and essential information on living, working, and moving to your country of choice. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Painting, varnishing (number of coats specified), 1. A specification often refers to a set of documented requirements to be satisfied by a material, design, product, or service. 4. Standards are listed in alphabetical order. Cement concrete or RCC in chujja, sunshade, 5. to of and a in " 's that for on is The was with said as at it by from be have he has his are an ) not ( will who I had their -- were they but been this which more or its would about : after up $ one than also 't out her you year when It two people - all can over last first But into ' He A we In she other new years could there … Specifications in the UK are part of the contract documents that accompany and govern the construction of a building. READ PAPER. It describes what the system should do, not (necessarily) how the system should do it. Download Full PDF Package. 25mm cement concrete over 75mm lime concrete floor (including lean concrete), 3. Expatica is the international community’s online home away from home. The principle of units of measurements normally consists the following: a) Single units work like doors, windows, trusses etc., are expressed in numbers. While North American specifications are usually restricted to broad descriptions of the work, European ones and Civil work can include actual work quantities, including such things as area of drywall to be built in square meters, like a bill of materials. In (hardware, software, or enterprise) systems development, an architectural specification is the set of documentation that describes the structure, behavior, and more views of that system. WORDS.TXT - Free ebook download as Text File (.txt), PDF File (.pdf) or read book online for free. At the present time, much of the information and regulations concerning food and food products remain in a form which makes it difficult to apply automated information processing, storage and transmission methods and techniques. b) Works consists linear measurements involve length like cornice, fencing, hand rail, bands of specified width etc., are expressed in running metres (RM), c) Works consists areal surface measurements involve area like plastering, white washing, partitions of specified thickness etc., and are expressed in square meters (m2). [1] It is a common early part of engineering design and product development processes in many fields. CS151 - Introduction to Computer Science Spring 2020 . Doors and windows frames or chaukhats, rafters, beams, 2. In software development, a functional specification (also, functional spec or specs or functional specifications document (FSD)) is the set of documentation that describes the behavior of a computer program or larger software system. Post a Resume, It's Free! Iron railing (height and types specified), 1. 17 Full PDFs related to … [19], The coverage of food and drug standards by ISO is currently less fruitful and not yet put forward as an urgent agenda due to the tight restrictions of regional or national constitution. A design or product specification describes the features of the solutions for the Requirement Specification, referring to either a designed solution or final produced solution.
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