6: 2886. Define concordance. Data of 3420 couples were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). International Coaching Psychology Review , 2(2), 143-153. Year 13 A Level - Clinical Psychology 2010 How science works Using twin studies to research schizophrenia One way of finding out whether a disorder has a genetic component is to see whether it runs in families. In a twin study, the concordance rate of the MZ twins is compared to that of the DZ twins: EVALUATING TWIN STUDIES. Your spouse can mentally arouse you, but you show no physical signs. Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. percentages to show how many twin pairs share the behaviour under observation) can help to indicate a possible genetic tendency. This follows referral of the topic by the Department of Health (see appendix). For identical twins, the concordance rate was 45%, whereas in fraternal twins the rate was 8%; thus, at least a portion of the rate of change in cognition (indexed by a measure of perceptual speed) is influenced by hereditary factors. Case studies are uniquely specific to the small number of individuals involved and therefore lack representativeness. From the Latin concordare, to agree. Epigenetics in Psychology By Ian Weaver. The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal, © 1996-2021 MDPI (Basel, Switzerland) unless otherwise stated. Offspring with OCD have a 37% chance that one or more parents also has the disorder. The statements, opinions and data contained in the journals are solely Family studies are another way of investigating genetic links in offending behaviour. While scientists do not know the exact cause of sexual orientation, they theorize that it is caused by a complex interplay of genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences. Received: 28 January 2021 / Revised: 8 March 2021 / Accepted: 9 March 2021 / Published: 11 March 2021, This study aimed to explore the gender specificity of spousal concordance in the development of chronic diseases among middle-aged and older Chinese couples. Non-concordance is all too often blamed on the patient. Goal striving, goal attainment, and well-being: adapting and testing the self-concordance model in sport. 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How do I deal with this? gender specificity; couple; health concordance; chronic disease; dyadic data, Help us to further improve by taking part in this short 5 minute survey, Survey of Radon Concentrations in the University of Granada in Southern Spain, Class of 2020 in Poland: Students’ Mental Health during the COVID-19 Outbreak in an Academic Setting. n. 1. Author information: (1)School of Psychology, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia. Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Coping concordance in couples'. ... in concordance with the genome. The concordance rate is usually expressed as a percentage (100% concordance means all the twins shared the behaviour in common, 0% means none of them did). This study characterizes diurnal cortisol and basal heart rate variability (HRV) patterns in a predominately high‐risk sample of mothers with a full range of emotion dysregulation and assessed the magnitude of concordance (N = 68 mother‐preschooler dyads). Agreement; concord. Boston Spa, Grade 2: both client and co-twin have had psychiatric hospitalisation but the co-twin has a different diagnosis. Author information: (1)School of Sport & Exercise Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK. However, family members … This matters because it is difficult to apply the results beyond the family in question, since the genetic make-up is unique to them. Data of 3420 couples were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Gender Specificity of Spousal Concordance in the Development of Chronic Disease Among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Couples: A Prospective Dyadic Analysis. 2004 Jun;13(6):243-8. doi: 10.12968/jowc.2004.13.6.26894. An 18-page questionnaire on the "sexuality of twins" was filled out by one or both twins. Liao, J.; Zhang, J.; Xie, J.; Gu, J. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the incidence of chronic disease development over 4 years, conditional on the spousal baseline chronic disease status; and stepwise adjusting for the couples’ sociodemographic characteristics (i.e., age, education, retirement status and household income), and their individual lifestyle (i.e., smoking, drinking, exercise, social participation and BMI) all measured at baseline. Find support for a specific problem in the support section of our website. Adoption studies – A key criticism raised by research into genetics is that it cannot rule out the effect of the environment. Concordance: 1. The relationship between biology and sexual orientation is a subject of research. I know psychology deals with soooo much more than “how to be happy” and behaviour, but most people seem to think it’s just this and they keep telling me that there’s no truth or science to it. Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China, Sun Yat-Sen Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China. Public Health 2021, 18, 2886. 10.1111/pere.12248. Change style powered by CSL. That being said, those who had previously agreed with the concept of atavistic form, later retracted that assertion, but did go on to say that while it may not account for the whole criminal population, it could explain as much as a third of it (Lombroso-Ferrero, 1911). The second article in this series on leg ulceration explores issues surrounding concordance. Thirty-eight pairs of monozygotic twins (34 male pairs and 4 female pairs) were found to have a concordance rate of 65.8% for homosexual orientation. OCD seems to fall into the category of high level of heritability. By examining monozygotic (identical) twins and dizygotic (non-identical) twins (who share 100% and 50% of their genetic make-up respectively), concordance rates (i.e. Brunner et al.’s (1993) research has been criticised for using a case study method. Boston House, percentages to show how many twin pairs share the behaviour under observation) can help to indicate a possible genetic tendency. Maternal emotional and physiological dysregulation has been found to influence child stress physiology. Proposed by Maurice G. Kendall and Bernard Babington Smith, Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W) is a measure of the agreement among several (m) quantitative or semiquantitative variables that are assessing a set of n objects of interest.In the social sciences, the variables are often people, called judges, assessing different subjects or situations. The guideline will provide recommendations for good practice that are based on the best available evidence of clinical and cost effectiveness. Biological psychology examines the relationship between mind and body, neural mechanisms, and the influence of heredity on behavior. The researchers found that the males had a genetic condition which became later known as “Brunner syndrome” (it is important to note that females only carry this condition, as it only affects the MAOA production gene on the single X chromosome in males). Much cheaper & more effective than TES or the Guardian. See further details. Conclusion: The review can represent a bridge between the medical approach and clinical psychology, in which integration can suggest paths aiming at improving patients’ existential conditions and adaptation. Perspectives on concordance in leg ulcer management J Wound Care. author = "Rattel, {Julina A} and Mauss, {Iris B} and Michael Liedlgruber and Wilhelm, {Frank H}", The conclusion here is that individuals can inherit genetic conditions which make them prone to offending behaviour. Concordance is a way of working together with people. Family and twin studies suggest the involvement of genetic factors. concordance in medicine taking - Psychology bibliographies - in Harvard style . Objectives: Psychological symptoms are highly prevalent, and negatively impact upon wellbeing in both people with dementia and caregivers. Related Collections. This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon. Firstly, the concordance rates are low, even for monozygotic twins, which indicates that the environment still plays a large part in criminal behaviour. Stereotypes and Gender Roles ... Children are rewarded and reinforced for behaving in concordance with gender roles and punished for breaking gender roles. MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. However, supporters of the nurture argument argue that to ignore the influence of external factors such as parenting, culture and social learning, misses crucial elements of explaining offending behaviour and it can therefore be considered reductionist.This is important to consider as while the evidence to support a biological basis for offending behaviour is strong, there are other elements to consider which reduce the effectiveness of the biological findings. Secondly the difference between male and female twin pairs raises an interesting question about the role of gender in criminal behaviour (see critical thinking section below). Public Health 18, no. Practice management The profession. Actually, the latter tests if the probability of concordance (i.e., that it’s the abnormal patient in a random normal–abnormal pair that will have the most ‘abnormal-looking’ test result) is exactly 0.5. Learn more ›. There is clear evidence that OCD runs in families. To assess brain activity concordance, we first calculated brain response to anticipation of pain, relative to rest, collapsed over Treat/NoTreat conditions (Fig. He is currently completing a Professional Doctorate in Education and is passionate about the impact of technology on teaching and learning. Self-Concordance Plus Implementation Intentions Equals Success Richard Koestner and Natasha Lekes McGill University Theodore A. those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). He is currently completing a Professional Doctorate in Education and is passionate about the impact of technology on teaching and learning. Biological explanations of offending behaviour provide strong support for the nature side of the nature versus nurture debate.For example, research into families and twins, suggests that there is some genetic basis for behaviour, which has implications for our understanding of offending behaviour. 4A, left), as concordance related to therapeutic alliance and pain outcomes could be driven by social interaction during the anticipation of both treated and nontreated pain. Parent-child concordance in reporting of child eating disorder pathology as assessed by the eating disorder examination. He is an experienced Psychology & Music Teacher, Writer, Examiner and Presenter. Reach the audience you really want to apply for your teaching vacancy by posting directly to our website and related social media audiences. 2021. Biological explanations of schizophrenia. Genetics is the study of genes and inheritance. All students preparing for mock exams, other assessments and the summer exams for AQA A-Level Psychology. The fact that schizophrenia tends to run in families (20% chance if one parent is schizophrenic and 50% chance if both parents are schizophrenics), led to the inference that it has a genetic basis. Int. 214 High Street, You seem to have javascript disabled. OCD seems to be a polygenic condition, where a number of genes are involved in its development. Res. This suggests that regardless of the changed environment, children seemed biologically predisposed to criminality. "Gender Specificity of Spousal Concordance in the Development of Chronic Disease Among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Couples: A Prospective Dyadic Analysis" Int. Res. Hypotheses for the impact of the post-natal social environment on sexual orientation, however, are weak, especially for males. J. Environ. Twin studies are a well-known method for identifying a genetic basis of behaviour. There is also a 21% concordance rate for siblings. Biological psychology, also called physiological psychology, is the study of the biology of behaviour; it focuses on the nervous system, hormones and genetics. Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view. West Yorkshire, In genetics, the presence of a phenotype such as asthma in both members of a twin pair. concordance in psychological symptoms between people with dementia and their caregivers, including identifying which variables influence whether concordance occurs. where and are the means for the two variables and and are the corresponding variances. In reality it is more likely to reflect the relationship between the patient and practitioner. Despite this, little is known about whether there is a concordance in psychological symptoms between members of this dyad. 2. In all sense, concordance is as opposed to discordance. One weakness of the biological explanation for OCD is that it ignores other factors and is reductionist. It was found that if a biological mother had a criminal record, 50% of the adopted children also had one by the time they were 18. The presence of any given condition such as HIV in both members of a couple. PCOM Psychology Dissertations Student Dissertations, Theses and Papers 2014 The Effectiveness of the Concordance-Discordance Model: Identifying Learning Disabilities in School-Aged Children Bryan Hendricks Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, bryanhen@pcom.edu No psychological disorder is entirely genetic bur some appear to be more genetic than others. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062886, Liao, Jing; Zhang, Jing; Xie, Jinzhao; Gu, Jing. In the control group, only 5% of the adopted children had a criminal record by the time they were 18. is the correlation coefficient between the two variables. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062886, Subscribe to receive issue release notifications and newsletters from MDPI journals, You can make submissions to other journals. Powers University of Massachusetts Dartmouth Emanuel Chicoine McGill University The present article includes separate meta-analyses showing that self-concordance and implementation intentions are significantly positively associated with goal progress. These are the sources and citations used to research concordance in medicine taking. These two authors contributed equally to this research. If relatives of sufferers have a higher than average risk of getting the disorder themselves, then it may be that the disorder has a genetic component. Skip to content. HERO acronym [Image] (n.d.). This study compares the attitudes of 225 mental health professionals (125 psychiatrists and 100 psychiatry … 2. 27. LS23 6AD, Tel: +44 0844 800 0085 psychology revision . Smith A(1), Ntoumanis N, Duda J. Clarifications to the new IB Psychology guide (first exams May 2019) has said that students might be asked specifically about twin and/or kinship studies to discuss “genetic similarities.” This blog post can be used as supplementary information if required. The psychology of concordance and compliance. In clinical care, agreement between physician and patient. There is a close connection between the concordance measure and the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test. Gender Specificity of Spousal Concordance in the Development of Chronic Disease Among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Couples: A Prospective Dyadic Analysis. While Lombroso’s work was influential, it quickly lost popularity. To keep up-to-date with the tutor2u Psychology team, follow us on Twitter@tutor2uPsych, Facebook(AQA) / OCR / Student or subscribe to the Psychology Daily Digest and get new content delivered to your inbox! Journal. J. Environ. Visit our dedicated information section to learn more about MDPI. Please let us know what you think of our products and services. We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience. By examining monozygotic (identical) twins and dizygotic (non-identical) twins (who share 100% and 50% of their genetic make-up respectively), concordance rates (i.e. concordance for use in the NHS in England and Wales. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the incidence of chronic disease development over 4 years, …
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